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Clarification of the features of the project
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 17:41 | Сообщение # 1 |
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| PROJECT SUMMARY.
OVERVIEW INFORMATION NOTE.
"Formula" of the Project: "Production of silicon dioxide and silicon-carbon composite - based on environmentally friendly technology for the recycling of agricultural waste".
Silicon dioxide (silica, SiO2, Lat.: «silica») - silicon oxide (IV). Colorless crystals with a melting point of + 1713 ... + 1728 ° C, which have a high hardness and strength.
Silicon dioxide is the main component of almost all terrestrial rocks, in particular, kieselguhr. From silica and silicates 87% of the mass of the lithosphere of the planet Earth is composed.
Silicon dioxide is produced industrially in quartz plants producing pure quartz concentrate, which is then used in the chemical and electronics industries, in the manufacture of optics, fillers for rubber and paint products, the manufacture of jewelry, etc. Natural silicon dioxide, otherwise known as silica, is widely used in construction (concrete, sand, sound-insulating and heat-insulating materials).
The synthesis of silicon dioxide by a synthetic method is carried out by the action of acids on sodium silicate, in some cases on other soluble silicates or by the method of coagulation of colloidal silica under the action of ions.
In addition, silicon dioxide is produced by oxidizing silicon with oxygen at a temperature of about 500 degrees Celsius.
Silicon dioxide is used in the following industries:
• tire production;
• production of paint and varnish products;
• production of adsorbents for the elimination of oil and chemical pollution in environmental disasters;
• production of medicines (detoxicants);
• manufacture of hygiene products, etc.
Carbon-silica-based composite is a raw material for the creation on its basis of the following types of marketable products:
• Carboniferous materials - filler for rubber products, including automobile tires, improving their strength properties, a component for obtaining special carbon products, a sorbent for cleaning water from oil and oil contaminants.
• Silicon dioxide (silica, silicic anhydride) (SiO2).
Scope: single crystals - in ultrasound generators, etc .; white soot and aerosil fillers in the production of rubber products, including automobile tires, aerosil, is also an adsorbent in chromatography, a thickener of lubricants, adhesives, paints; raw materials in the production of technical silicon, quartz raw materials, silicalcite, ceramic components, abrasive materials; in the manufacture of artificial leather; in the production of perfume and medical products.
• Silicon Chloride (SiCl4).
Scope: starting material in the synthesis of organosilicon compounds used for the production of dielectrics, varnish-and-paint heat-resistant coatings, lubricants, hydrophobizing agents for moisture protection of various products, etc. Among organosilicon compounds are known silicone resins, silicone rubber. Silicon chloride is used to produce pure silicon for semiconductor technology. Significant amounts of silicon chloride are consumed to produce aerosil, highly dispersed silicon dioxide, which serves as a filler of rubber.
• Silicon carbide (carborundum) (SiC).
Scope: abrasive material for grinding wheels, bars, paper; It is used for making silite rods of electric furnaces; material for matrices in powder metallurgy; refractories component; the main element in rectifier semiconductor diodes and photodiodes; reinforcing element in composite materials; cermet.
• Silicon nitride (tri-silicon tetranitride) (Si3N4).
Scope: lining of metallurgical furnaces; protective covers of thermocouples; insulation coatings; production of semiconductor devices based on silicon; production of ceramics.
• Dinas refractories with a bulk density of 0.5 * 1.0 g / cm, a porosity of 62-78%, a compressive strength of up to 70 kg / cm and a flame resistance of up to 1650ºC. In addition, porous silica products are used as an adsorbent for moisture, gases and vapors of odorous substances.
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 17:42 | Сообщение # 2 |
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| Physicochemical basis of the innovative process of heat treatment
Proceeding from the chemical and material composition of straw and husk of various cereals, it can be concluded that this material should be considered a natural silicone compound.
The technology of processing straw and husks involves obtaining a product in one stage of heat treatment.
The technological process of obtaining a product from straw and husk involves a number of operations connected with physical and chemical transformations. Straw and husk entering the reactor have a natural moisture content, however, there is no need for a preliminary drying operation.
The purpose of heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere in the general technological chain is the production of straw and husks of a de-precipitated residue representing an amorphized mixture of silica and carbon. In case of rapid heating in a vortex chamber to a final temperature not exceeding 800-1000 ° C, volatile products are released from the straw and husk and oxidized with the destruction of the structure of the material; due to the emission of volatile substances, the material is enriched with silica and carbon and the particles are ground. An additional contribution to the refinement of the particles ensures their mutual friction with respect to each other when moving in the vortex layer.
Technological novelty of the industrial process
for the production of carbon-silica composites from straw and husks. The process is as follows.
Carbon-siliceous composite - a homogeneous mixture of amorphized silica and carbon (42-47% SiO2 and 50-57% C) - is obtained in the furnace by thermal treatment of raw materials in an oxidizing environment.
The technological process consists of the following stages:
• reception, storage and preparation of husks;
• Feeding the husk into the feed hopper;
• dosed supply of husk to the furnace;
• air supply to the combustion device;
• supply of natural gas to the combustion device for its heating;
• cooling of flue gases in the heat recovery unit;
• supply and heating of the network water in the heat recovery unit;
• precipitation of solid oxidation products (ash) in a baghouse dust collector;
• feeding of the caught product to the packaging machine;
• packing, storage and transportation of the product to the warehouse;
• evacuation of cleaned flue gases with a smoke exhaust from the dust collector to the chimney.
The module operates in a continuous mode with a continuous supply of straw (stems) and the output of the finished product.
Competitive advantage of this technology.
Competing technologies for processing the husks with the receipt of these commodity products are not available in the world at present.
Explicit advantages of the new production (low cost, environmental cleanliness, reliable source of raw materials, flexibility of production) make it possible to oppose competitors to reduce prices for products, allow us to apply, in addition to pricing policy, an extensive way to involve new regions.
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 17:43 | Сообщение # 3 |
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| Quality of products.
The project is the creation of a serial production of products with the following parameters:
Сomposition of composite material:
(№ Components Content in % )
1 Silica, SiO2 62.0 %
2 Сalcium oxide СаО 0.25%
3 Aluminium oxide Al2O3 0.96%
4 Iron oxide Fe2O3 0.80%
5 Magnesium oxide MgO 0.23%
6 Carbon 35.76%
Waste of production. Protection of the natural environment.
The technological process is constructed in such a way as to exclude the formation of wastes that are subject to disposal in landfills. Solid waste products - semi-finished product - represents the target commodity product, and gaseous products are emitted into the atmosphere in the form of conventional combustion products (flue gases). Dust-gas purification ensures that the composition of the emitted gas is brought to the requirements of modern sanitary standards.
There are no liquid wastes, since the use of liquid reagents and auxiliary materials is not envisaged in the technological process.
Process wastewater is not available. The production of semi-finished products, taking into account the fulfillment of these requirements, is environmentally friendly.
The operation of combustion facilities for the burning of solid waste has shown that the content of nitric oxide in the combustion products of the fuel is PO mg / m3. This refers to the so-called "thermal" nitrogen oxides formed during the oxidation of nitrogen from blast air. The relatively low CO2 content in combustion products is explained by the fact that in the vortex process, some of the techniques used in boiler technology are artificially realized-recirculation of combustion products to the root of the flare and an increased content of water vapor in the combustion atmosphere, as well as a lower level of temperature in the core of the flare (950 ° C).
The basis of the innovative production complex is a workshop (two technological "Gorobets Lines") for processing buckwheat husks, straws and stems of sunflower in silicon carbon (SiO2) with the development of its own thermal energy and pyrolysis gas, which is based on the author's invention. (patent No. 2443626). The preparation of the composite depends on the base percentage of the silica in the plant mass, therefore, with a silica content of more than 3%, the use of the Gorobets installation is effective in economic terms.
The prototype has successfully passed tests in the Arab Republic of Egypt for three years.
General composition of the production complex.
I. Workshop (Gorobets Line) for the processing of buckwheat husk, straw and sunflower stems into silicon-carbon (SiO2) with the generation of its own thermal energy and pyrolysis gas (with a capacity of 4 tons per hour).
II. Workshop (Gorobets Line) for processing buckwheat husk, straw and sunflower stems into silicon-carbon (SiO2) with the generation of its own thermal energy and pyrolysis gas (with a capacity of 4 tons per hour).
III. Cleaning and drying workshop with calibration:
1. for buckwheat with a capacity of 10 tons / hour;
2. for sunflower with a capacity of 10 tons per hour.
IV. The shop for processing buckwheat in buckwheat groats with a capacity of 2 tons per hour.
V. A shop for the production of pellets from buckwheat straw, husk and sunflower stalks with a capacity of 1.8 t / h.
VI. Shop for production of sunflower oil, capacity 1t / hour.
VII. Power complex.
VIII. Administrative complex with a sports and recreational unit.
Each line is designed in a 2-threaded scheme with specified cross links, which allows you to continue working in the event of failure of one of the line elements, and, also, reduce the number of additional equipment required for the operation of the lines.
The result of the project will be:
• production of silicon dioxide and silicon-carbon composites;
• production and packaging of buckwheat;
• production and packaging of sunflower oil;
• production of feed and fuel pellets (pellets);
• production of heat and electricity produced in the production of silicon dioxide (combustion of plant raw materials in Gorobets burners), and their utilization (construction of inter-district sports and recreation complex, greenhouses for year-round growing of fruits and vegetables, etc.).
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 17:51 | Сообщение # 4 |
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| Characteristics of the productive capacity of the production complex.
Product name unit of amend.
Annual project power.
Silica (lacquer) : kg. 1188000
Silica (for use in medicine) : kg. 950400
Silicone Carbon Composite (for use in tires and structural materials 50-50) : kg. 2376000
Silicone-carbon composite (sorbent 70-30): kg. 1702800
Buckwheat groats (buckwheat): kg. 5702400
Buckwheat groats (cut): kg. 158400
Sunflower oil (refined) : kg. 6600000
Wood pellets (pellets) : kg. 5550600
Pellets (forage): kg. 5550600
Fuel pellets : kg. 5808000
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