| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 20:06 | Сообщение # 1 |
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| Competitive advantages:
• thanks to the use of high-temperature ceramic structural materials GTE does not need to be cooled, the engine and GTE assemblies are by mass and size smaller than the metal gas turbine engines by 3-5 times;
• higher efficiency than for metal analogs, and reaches 52%, and ceramic GTE have an extremely low emission of toxic exhaust gases, an order of magnitude lower than modern regulatory requirements;
• The developed new designs of the main GTE units, which consists of only 8 separate units , manufactured by the additive technology of ceramic powders with selective laser fusion, which makes it possible to organize the production of GTE on the modern principles of "digital" ( deserted) technologies;
• Experimental ceramic gas turbine engines have demonstrated the possibility of long serviceability (more than 1000 hours) of ceramic materials at 1350℃ without degradation of materials and design of assemblies, which is no longer achievable for metal gas turbine engines; at work ceramic GTE steadily worked at modes from 60 thousand rpm to 840 thousand rpm;
• ceramic GTE has a design combined with an efficient electric generator and electromagnetic clutch, which provides power generation and complete elimination of mechanical gearboxes in the drive ;
• ceramic gas turbine engines can operate on liquid, gaseous and solid fuels and, since they have a turbo - free turbine design, remain operable in sea salt pollution and in dust conditions.
New materials, technologies and equipment for the industrial production of ceramic gas turbine engines:
During the period 2004-2007, a series of structural ceramic materials (SCM) for the silicon carbide-aluminum-nitride boron system (Sial-M, Sibal-M, Sibal-E, Alcali-M) was developed , which are basic at a service temperature of up to 1623K parts and GTE nodes, without the need for forced cooling, without which high-temperature metal alloys can no longer be used due to loss of strength.
The SCM of the Sial- M brand contains Si , Al , BN and activating additives Ga , In . The material has a density of 2.02 g/cm3 .
The permissible heating rate for the material is 500℃/min.
Reserve operation temperature - 1370℃.
Compressive strength> 500 MPa.
SCM brand Sibal-M contains Si , Al , BN , B and activating additives Ga , In . The material has a density of 2.04 g/cm 3
The permissible heating rate for the material is 200℃/min.
The limiting operating temperature is 1450℃, 1000 h have been tested.
The compressive strength is >400 MPa, the bend is 100-130 MPa, the Weibull module is 6.0.
SCM Sibal-E contains Si , Al , BN , B with activating additives Ga , In . The material has a density of 2.11 g/cm 3 .
The permissible heating rate for the material is 250°C / min.
The limiting operating temperature is 1400℃, 1000х is tested.
The compressive strength is >400 MPa, the bend is 100-115 MPa, the Weibull module is 5.9.
SCM of Alcal-M brand contains Si , Al , BN , AlN with the addition of basalt fiber. The material has a density of 2.08 g/cm 3.
The permissible heating rate for the material is 500℃/min.
The limiting operating temperature is 1400℃, 1000 h have been tested.
The compressive strength is >400 MPa, the bend is 90-110 MPa, the Weibull module is 6.2.
Powder material and technology for the implementation of additive production of all the main components (compressor, turbine, combustion chamber, air heater, hot tracts) of uncooled ceramic gas turbine engines with an initial temperature of up to 1350℃ (1623 K) are also developed.
When the testing materials of said marks aniyah anyali preserved as a high level of strength at a temperature of 20℃ in therange from 110 to 130 MPa, and at a temperature of 1300℃ - from 91 to 114MPa.
All KKM grades have shrinkage from 0.1 to 1.0% and can be brought to a non-shrinking state by technological methods.
All these ceramic composites were used for the manufacture of parts, units and aggregates of GTE of different power, including a micro-GTE with a power of 2000W with a speed of 230,000bpm ; the maximum temperature in the combustion chamber of the micro-GTE was 1450-1500℃, the temperature at the entrance to the turbine was 1350℃; the diameter of the impeller is 30.2 mm, the peripheral speed of the impeller is 363.7 m/sec.
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 20:07 | Сообщение # 2 |
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| Explanation and Addition Of the ceramic composites, the main GTE units and aggregates were developed and manufactured, stand-by and full-scale tests were carried out:
• created the original design of uncooled condensed size combustors vertical horizontal stirring of the fuel mixture at increased to 90 0 angles of twist of the gas flow, thus forming etsya "cold" combustion flame (having a temperature below 1500 0 C), to thereby lower the formation during combustion oxides nitrogen ( NO x≤5-7 ml / nm 3 );
• original bladeless tunneling turbomachines (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2227850 of January 17, 2002), the design of which has now been improved by the authors with increasing their efficiency;
• turboelektro-kompressors ( patent RF № 2418957 of 16.06.2009, 2,427,714 from 20.11.2009);
• new matrix keramokompozitive air heaters with an air temperature at the output of more than 1000 0 C (RF patents No. 2453786 dated 03.08.2009, 2464514 as of 28.06.2010).
The compositions of the above brands of CMCs are protected by Russian patents No.2399601 of 19.11.2008 and 2450998 dated 29.04.2010.
Developers of ceramic composite materials, structures and components of GTE as a whole, as technologies and equipment for their manufacture are I prof., Ph.D. Sudarev A.V. and prof., D.Sc. Konakov V.G. - heads (respectively) of the NC "Ceramic Motors" and STC " Glass and ceramics" (St. Petersburg).
A number of GTEs with a capacity of 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 kW have been developed and in multi-module assembly - formegawatt capacities; sketch designs for aviation, shipbuilding and power engineering industries have been completed;
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| DiBur | Дата: Monday, 22.01.2018, 20:09 | Сообщение # 3 |
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| Second Explanation and Addition Entering the market with ceramic gas turbine engines combined with power generation will explode the energy and transport gas turbine market in the full sense of the word , will lead to the expansion of the technological boom of additive technologies and equipment to them, will cause great interest in structural ceramic materials with high heat resistance , although to the latter,interest now also has an ever-increasing character throughout the world. To develop new products of ceramic gas turbines in the economy and industry, the metal counterparts have to solve three problems:
• to improve the structural ceramics to the level of properties that meet the requirements of reliable operation of high-temperature gas turbines,
• to create constructive and technological solutions of turbine parts and components, corresponding to the unusual qualities of this new, extremely specific material,
• to conduct training of designers and technologists - engine-builders, capable of solving the first and second of the named problems.
Gas turbine engines of a new generation with a high level of weight perfection and specific thrust, as well as the extremely low content of toxic compounds in exhaust gases are created on the basis of domestic achievements:
• fundamentally new scientifically substantiated materials science solutions for high-temperature ceramic structural materials (CSM),
• new progressive design solutions for all the main nodes of ceramic GTE,
• additive technology of SLF (selective laser fusion) with the formation of a powder state structure and material properties in the form of entire functional units.
Without solving these important problems, a complete transition from metal structures to ceramic ones to saturate the market with new products can not be achieved.
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